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Monday, August 4, 2025 2:54 AM

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DRDO Successfully Concludes Dual Flight-Tests of Indigenous ‘Pralay’ Missile

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully conducted two back-to-back flight-tests of its homegrown ‘Pralay’ missile on July 28 and 29, 2025, from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island, located off the coast of Odisha. These tests were part of the User Evaluation Trials designed to validate both the upper and lower range capabilities of the missile system. In both trials, the Pralay missile demonstrated exceptional performance by accurately following the designated trajectory and hitting the intended targets with high precision. All onboard subsystems functioned flawlessly, with their performance verified through real-time tracking data gathered by various sensors deployed by the Integrated Test Range (ITR), including those stationed on ships near the target area. The Pralay missile, powered by solid propellant, is a quasi-ballistic weapon featuring cutting-edge guidance and navigation systems. It is designed to deliver multiple types of warheads with remarkable accuracy against a range of targets. The development of the missile was spearheaded by the Research Centre Imarat (RCI) in collaboration with several DRDO laboratories such as the Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL), Advanced Systems Laboratory (ASL), Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE), High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL), Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL), Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL), Research & Development Establishment (Engineers), and the Integrated Test Range. Key industry partners included Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL), Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), as well as several other industrial units and MSMEs. The flight-tests were closely observed by senior DRDO scientists, officials from the Indian Army and Air Force, and representatives from the participating industries. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh congratulated DRDO, the Armed Forces, and the industrial partners on the successful tests, highlighting that the integration of such modern technologies significantly enhances India’s defence capabilities. DRDO Chairman and Secretary of the Department of Defence R&D, Dr Samir V Kamat, also lauded the team for the achievement, noting that the successful conclusion of these Phase-1 trials marks a significant step toward the missile’s formal induction into the Armed Forces. Source: Economic Times

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Gujarat Rolls Out AI Action Plan to Revolutionize Governance by 2030

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The Gujarat government has approved a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence (AI) Implementation Action Plan for 2025–2030, signaling a major step toward embedding AI technologies into its governance and public service mechanisms. Endorsed by Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel, the initiative is geared toward enhancing service delivery, optimizing administrative efficiency, and leveraging AI across key sectors including healthcare, education, agriculture, and finance. This strategic blueprint, developed by the Department of Science and Technology and shaped by insights from a 10-member AI Taskforce, aligns with national development visions such as Viksit Gujarat@2047 and Viksit Bharat@2047. It also supports the Centre’s push under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership to integrate AI into governance, public policy, and digital infrastructure. The five-year roadmap highlights six core areas: Data Security and Compliance: Establishing a trusted, regulation-friendly data environment. Infrastructure Development: Expanding GPU- and cloud-powered digital frameworks, with plans to launch AI factories in smaller cities. Skilling Initiatives: Training 2.5 lakh individuals—including students, MSMEs, and government personnel—in AI, machine learning, and emerging technologies. Research & Industry Collaboration: Fostering academic-industry partnerships to develop real-world AI models tailored for governance. Startup Support: Boosting DeepTech innovation with funding, mentorship, and incubation for startups. Responsible AI: Instituting auditing systems, safety protocols, and ethical guidelines to ensure transparent and secure AI deployment. Implementation will be phased, beginning with the creation of a state-level AI data repository and the establishment of AI development hubs. Pilot programs will be rolled out in select government departments to test and refine AI use cases. To guide the initiative, a dedicated AI and Deep Tech Mission will be established—tasked with overseeing project design, monitoring, and cross-sectoral collaboration. Gujarat has already laid strong groundwork in the AI space, launching an AI Centre of Excellence at GIFT City, organizing capacity-building workshops for civil servants, and initiating efforts to develop Indian language-based AI solutions. The state also conducted an AI Innovation Challenge to source practical AI applications from innovators and entrepreneurs. With this action plan, Gujarat positions itself at the forefront of AI-enabled governance, aiming to create a smarter, more responsive, and future-ready administrative ecosystem. Source: The Hindu Photo Credit: PTI  

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India Set to Become World’s 3rd Largest Economy by 2028: Morgan Stanley

India is on course to become the third-largest economy in the world by 2028 and is expected to more than double its GDP to $10.6 trillion by 2035, according to a new report by Morgan Stanley released on Wednesday. The report highlights that several Indian states — notably Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, and Karnataka — could individually near the $1 trillion GDP mark, placing them among the globe’s top 20 economies by the next decade. “Currently, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Telangana lead the economic race among states,” the report noted, adding that states like Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh have climbed significantly in economic rankings over the past five years. India to Drive Global Growth Morgan Stanley projects that India will account for roughly 20% of global economic growth over the next ten years. As a result, the country is positioned to become a major growth engine for global corporations and investors. The report underscores the pivotal role of India’s federal structure — with 28 states and eight Union Territories — in propelling economic progress. It points out that each state manages its fiscal policies independently and competes to attract business and investment through favourable industrial policies and ease-of-doing-business reforms. “Every investment decision, factory setup, or enterprise ultimately lands in a particular state,” the report explains. Competitive Federalism as a Growth Catalyst The study places strong emphasis on “competitive federalism” — a model in which states innovate and vie with one another for economic advancement. This approach, Morgan Stanley argues, will be critical for India to become a global manufacturing powerhouse, significantly raise per capita income, and maintain a robust capital market performance over the coming years. As India moves toward its projected $10.6 trillion economic size, the role of states will become even more vital. Their ability to legislate independently and shape business environments allows them to create conducive ecosystems for growth. Infrastructure Boom Underway The report also points to a decade of strong infrastructure development. Central government capital expenditure has surged, growing from 1.6% of GDP in FY15 to 3.2% in FY25. This investment has led to a 60% increase in national highway length, a doubling of airports, and a fourfold expansion of metro rail systems. National-level programs such as PM Gati Shakti, the National Infrastructure Pipeline, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, and UDAN have all complemented state-led initiatives in infrastructure, energy, water, and urban development. For India to realize its long-term economic aspirations, the report concludes, continuous collaboration between the central and state governments will be essential. Source: IANS

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India Unveils New Strategies to Future-Proof Coal Sector Amid Green Transition

The Government of India has introduced a comprehensive set of initiatives aimed at enhancing the sustainability and competitiveness of the coal sector, even as the nation steadily increases its reliance on renewable energy sources. With coal still meeting around 55% of India’s energy demand and the country holding the fifth-largest coal reserves globally, the government is striking a balance between energy security and climate commitments. Focus on Greener Mining Practices Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) in the coal and lignite space are implementing widespread environmental and efficiency upgrades. These include large-scale afforestation and bio-reclamation efforts around operational mines to reduce ecological damage. Energy-saving initiatives have also been scaled up, such as switching to LED lighting, incorporating energy-efficient appliances, deploying electric vehicles, and using smart technologies like auto timers and super fans in mine sites and street lighting systems. Additionally, treated mine water is being repurposed for community needs — from irrigation and firefighting to fish farming and domestic supply. Several MoUs with state governments aim to expand this supply to nearby villages and towns. In a move to reduce dependence on river sand and protect ecosystems, coal PSUs are now extracting usable sand from overburden (OB) waste. Nine processing units — including M-Sand and OB-to-sand plants — are now operational, promoting sustainable construction and groundwater recharge. Embracing Cleaner and Smarter Technologies Under the First Mile Connectivity (FMC) initiative, the coal sector is modernizing its logistics by shifting to mechanized transport systems. This helps reduce fuel usage and lower carbon emissions. To minimize environmental disruption, companies are increasingly deploying blast-free technologies such as Surface Miners and Continuous Miners, which significantly cut down on air and noise pollution. There’s also a growing push towards clean energy and green technologies within the sector. Coal companies are investing in renewable energy projects, coal gasification, and coal bed methane (CBM) extraction. Participation in the Green Credit Programme by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change signals the sector’s proactive stance toward environmental responsibility. Reducing Imports and Enhancing Domestic Supply India is steadily reducing its reliance on imported coal. According to Union Coal and Mines Minister G. Kishan Reddy, coal imports dropped from 264.5 million tonnes in FY 2023–24 to 243.6 million tonnes in FY 2024–25. This shift is driven by measures such as faster coal block allocations, greater private sector involvement, digital adoption in mining operations, and faster clearances for mining projects. An Inter-Ministerial Committee (IMC) has been established to promote import substitution and is working directly with power plants to align their needs with domestic coal supplies. Infrastructure developments, including new railway lines and expanded FMC corridors, are also improving coal evacuation and logistics, ensuring faster and more reliable deliveries across regions. Through these integrated steps, the Indian government is ensuring coal remains a stable and competitive component of the country’s energy mix — while simultaneously advancing toward a greener, more sustainable future. Source: DD News  

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National Sports Governance Bill to Be Introduced in Parliament This Monsoon Session

Union Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya has confirmed that the much-anticipated National Sports Governance Bill will be tabled in Parliament during the upcoming monsoon session, set to begin on July 21. The minister made the announcement while speaking at an event organized to unveil new initiatives by the Department of Youth Affairs focused on combating drug abuse. Mandaviya stated, “The bill will be introduced in Parliament during the upcoming session. I will share further details in the next couple of days.” Designed to enhance transparency and accountability in Indian sports administration, the proposed bill seeks to establish a central regulatory board. This body will oversee the recognition and funding of National Sports Federations (NSFs), ensuring they comply with best practices in governance, finance, and ethics. The draft legislation also outlines the formation of independent Ethics Commissions and Dispute Resolution Commissions to safeguard the integrity and transparency of sports governance in the country. However, the bill has faced resistance, particularly from the Indian Olympic Association (IOA), which contends that the formation of such a regulatory board may infringe upon its authority as the apex body managing NSFs. In a parallel initiative, the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports will host a three-day Chintan Shivir in Varanasi from July 18 to 20, focusing on the issue of substance abuse among the youth. Titled ‘Nasha Mukt Yuva for Viksit Bharat’, the conclave aims to chart a roadmap toward a drug-free India by 2047. The event will begin with participant registration on July 18, and the main sessions will commence on July 19 at the Rudraksh Convention Centre. Around 500 delegates are expected to attend, with five representatives each from 100 spiritual and social organisations. The Ministry of Health, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Ministry of Culture, the Narcotics Control Bureau, the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA), and various youth groups will be actively involved in the event. The Kashi Declaration, a national action plan to address drug addiction, will be released at the conclusion of the conclave, summarizing the key discussions and outcomes from the sessions. Source: PTI  

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NITI Aayog Unveils 2023–24 Edition of North Eastern Region District SDG Index

NITI Aayog, in collaboration with the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MoDoNER) and technical partner UNDP, has released the second edition of the North Eastern Region (NER) District Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Index for 2023–24. This comprehensive report evaluates the progress of 121 districts across all eight northeastern states in achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. This updated index builds on the foundation set by the inaugural edition published in August 2021. It offers a data-centric approach to monitoring district-level performance across economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The tool is intended to guide policymakers in implementing targeted, evidence-based interventions to drive sustainable growth. The report was officially launched by NITI Aayog Vice Chairman Suman Bery, CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam, MoDoNER Secretary Chanchal Kumar, and UNDP India Resident Representative Dr. Angela Lusigi. Among the districts, Hnahthial in Mizoram ranked highest with a composite score of 81.43, while Longding in Arunachal Pradesh came in at the bottom with a score of 58.71. Notably, all districts in Mizoram, Sikkim, and Tripura qualified as “Front Runners” (with scores ranging from 65 to 99). No districts fell into the “Achiever” category (a perfect score of 100) or the “Aspirant” category (scores below 50). Sikkim stood out for its uniformity in development, with only a 5.5-point variation between its highest and lowest scoring districts—indicating balanced growth. Tripura also demonstrated stable intra-state performance. During the launch event, Vice Chairman Bery emphasized the strategic importance of achieving the SDGs by 2030 as a stepping stone toward India’s long-term vision of Viksit Bharat @2047. CEO Subrahmanyam referred to the Northeast as the “Ashta Lakshmi” of India, underlining its developmental significance. MoDoNER Secretary Chanchal Kumar noted the index’s usefulness in identifying developmental shortfalls and guiding targeted action, while UNDP’s Dr. Lusigi underscored the urgency of converting data insights into tangible outcomes. The NER District SDG Index 2023–24 serves as a vital policy instrument for promoting inclusive, region-specific development. It empowers administrators and stakeholders to make informed decisions, allocate resources strategically, and accelerate sustainable progress in India’s northeastern frontier. Source: DD News

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PM Modi Calls for Ethical AI and Stronger Global South Cooperation at BRICS Outreach Summit

At the BRICS Outreach Summit held in Brazil, Prime Minister Narendra Modi emphasized the need for responsible use of Artificial Intelligence, stronger South-South cooperation, and reforms in global financial governance. Addressing leaders from Latin America, Africa, and Asia, Modi reaffirmed India’s commitment to multilateralism and inclusive global development. Speaking at the session titled ‘Strengthening Multilateralism, Economic-Financial Matters, and Artificial Intelligence’, Modi thanked Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva for the opportunity to engage with fellow nations from the extended BRICS family. “It is a pleasure to share India’s perspectives with our friends from Latin America, Africa, and Asia. I thank President Lula for this invitation,” he said. Highlighting the rising influence of BRICS amid global uncertainty, the Prime Minister noted that the group’s diversity and shared vision of a multipolar world are key strengths. “As the world faces numerous crises, BRICS must step up and serve as a pillar of stability and cooperation,” he stated. Modi outlined four key areas to advance BRICS collaboration: Economic Integration and Financial Reforms He acknowledged the contributions of the BRICS Business Council and Women Business Alliance in strengthening economic ties. Modi also supported Brazil’s push for reforming global financial institutions. He emphasized that the BRICS New Development Bank should focus on long-term, sustainable, and demand-driven projects, particularly to benefit countries in the Global South.  Empowering the Global South Modi stressed that BRICS must respond to the unique needs of developing nations. He spotlighted India’s BRICS Agricultural Research Platform as a tool to foster innovation in agri-tech, climate adaptation, and precision farming. Additionally, he proposed two new initiatives — One Nation, One Subscription to improve access to academic resources and a BRICS Science and Research Repository for collective knowledge sharing.  Securing Global Supply Chains Calling for cooperative efforts to ensure fair access to critical minerals and technologies, the Prime Minister warned against the strategic misuse of such resources. He urged BRICS to develop resilient and transparent supply chains that serve collective interests.  Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence Modi highlighted the dual nature of AI — its potential to transform lives and the ethical concerns it raises. He reiterated India’s ‘AI for All’ approach, showcasing AI’s growing role in Indian agriculture, healthcare, education, and governance. Emphasizing the importance of international standards, he called for frameworks to ensure transparency, accountability, and authenticity in AI-generated content.  He welcomed the release of the BRICS Leaders’ Statement on AI Governance as a step in the right direction and announced that India will host the AI Impact Summit next year, inviting global participation. Reaffirming India’s leadership in promoting South-South solidarity, PM Modi concluded, “The Global South looks to us with hope. By setting an example, India remains dedicated to working hand-in-hand with partner nations to achieve shared development goals.” Source: DD News

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India, US Set to Sign New 10-Year Defence Agreement by Year-End

India and the United States are on track to formalize a fresh 10-year Defence Framework Agreement by the end of 2025, marking a new chapter in their strategic military partnership. The announcement was confirmed by US Senior Defence Spokesperson Colonel Chris Devine following a high-level phone conversation between US Secretary of Defence Pete Hegseth and India’s Defence Minister Rajnath Singh. According to a Pentagon release, the two leaders agreed to finalize and sign the updated framework during their scheduled meeting later this year. The agreement aims to deepen defence collaboration, enhance joint operational capabilities, and promote greater defence industrial cooperation. Taking to social media platform X, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh expressed optimism about the discussion, stating: “Glad to speak with US Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth today. We had an excellent exchange on advancing India-US defence cooperation and capacity building. I thanked the US for its consistent support in India’s fight against terrorism and look forward to meeting him soon.” Secretary Hegseth reiterated the United States’ commitment to strengthening defence ties with India, recognizing it as a pivotal partner in the South Asian region. Both leaders took stock of the progress made since the February 2025 Joint Statement issued by President Trump and Prime Minister Modi, which laid out key defence goals. As per the Pentagon, the conversation also covered several strategic points: upcoming major US defence sales to India, the need for tighter defence industry collaboration, and enhancing joint military capabilities. India’s Ministry of Defence, in a separate statement, confirmed that the dialogue spanned a broad spectrum of topics, including long-term defence cooperation, personnel training, and expanded military exchanges. The discussions also touched on increasing joint exercises, interoperability between armed forces, logistical cooperation, and strengthening global partnerships with other like-minded nations. Both countries emphasized accelerating momentum in these areas to elevate their bilateral defence relationship to new heights in the coming decade. Source: ANI

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President Murmu to Inaugurate Uttar Pradesh’s First AYUSH University During Two-Day Visit to Gorakhpur

President Droupadi Murmu begins a two-day official visit to Uttar Pradesh today, with a packed itinerary that includes the inauguration of the state’s first AYUSH University and the first convocation ceremony of AIIMS Gorakhpur. As per the Chief Minister’s Office, President Murmu will unveil the AYUSH University located in Pipri, Bhathat — a milestone in the state’s efforts to promote traditional medicine systems and holistic healthcare education. The university is expected to serve as a hub for integrating Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy into mainstream education and healthcare delivery. This visit marks President Murmu’s fourth trip to Gorakhpur in the last seven years and highlights the city’s growing significance on the national stage. Her presence at both AIIMS and the new university echoes the state government’s continued focus on health and education infrastructure under Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath’s leadership. On July 1, President Murmu will address graduating students during the inaugural convocation ceremony at AIIMS Gorakhpur. The venue, along with the surrounding campus, has been brought under tight security. In anticipation of her visit, OPD services at AIIMS were suspended on June 30. Chief Minister Adityanath has closely monitored all arrangements, personally inspecting the 31-km route between Gorakhpur city and Pipri to ensure seamless logistics and security. The President is also expected to visit the revered Gorakhnath Temple, where traditional meals befitting her status have been arranged. City authorities have implemented heightened security protocols across key zones. SP (City) Abhinav Tyagi confirmed a comprehensive three-tier security setup and declared a no-fly zone within a five-kilometre radius of the Circuit House to ensure the President’s safety. The visit also shines a light on ongoing development at AIIMS Gorakhpur. In April, the Chief Minister laid the foundation stone for the 500-bed ‘Powergrid Vishram Sadan’ — a facility being developed under the Power Grid Corporation of India’s CSR programme at a cost of ₹44 crore. The Vishram Sadan is intended to provide affordable accommodation for patients and their families during treatment. President Murmu’s visit is seen as a moment of pride and progress for eastern Uttar Pradesh, reinforcing Gorakhpur’s emerging role as a hub for healthcare, education, and traditional medicine. Source: IANS

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Sebi Proposes Stricter Governance for Stock Exchanges, Clearing Corporations, and Depositories

In a move aimed at reinforcing accountability and public-interest orientation within key market institutions, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) has introduced a set of proposals to tighten governance norms for stock exchanges, clearing corporations, and depositories. Outlined in a consultation paper released on Tuesday, the proposed reforms focus on strengthening the oversight of Market Infrastructure Institutions (MIIs), which have witnessed a significant rise in trading volumes, investor participation, and profitability in recent years. Sebi emphasized that while MIIs have evolved into financially robust entities, their public-interest responsibilities must be prioritized over commercial gains. The key suggestions cover three broad areas: Mandatory Executive Directors: Sebi has proposed the compulsory appointment of at least two executive directors (EDs) on the boards of MIIs. These directors would be responsible for critical functions including trading operations, clearing and settlement, compliance, risk oversight, and investor grievance management. They would be designated as key management personnel (KMPs), with authority on par with the managing director (MD). Institutions can optionally appoint a third ED to focus on business development. Defined Roles for Key Officers: The regulator aims to formally codify the duties of the MD, EDs, and other senior officers such as the chief technology officer (CTO) and chief information security officer (CISO). At present, these responsibilities are either informally assigned or spread across departments, leading to potential governance gaps. Restrictions on Board Memberships: To avoid conflicts of interest and strengthen focus, Sebi proposes that MDs of MIIs should not serve on boards of any commercial entities, barring unlisted government-owned organizations involved in non-commercial activities. EDs would be restricted to board positions only within MII subsidiaries. This approach aligns with similar governance rules applied in the banking sector. Legal experts have weighed in on the potential impact of these recommendations. Diviay Chadha, Partner at Singhania & Co., said the proposals underline the need for fixed accountability within MIIs, especially given the rapid increase in retail investors. He added that the institutions would likely need to revise their corporate governance structures and charter documents to meet the new standards. However, some industry observers raised concerns about possible unintended consequences. Akshaya Bhansali, Partner at Mindspright Legal, noted that while the move to restrict EDs from serving on unrelated boards is intended to ensure accountability, it may inadvertently reduce the pool of experienced independent directors available to other listed companies. These recommendations arrive at a pivotal juncture as Sebi continues its evaluation of the National Stock Exchange’s (NSE) pending IPO, originally proposed in 2016. In its February communication with NSE, Sebi reiterated the need for a deep-rooted culture of prioritizing public interest over profits at the operational level. Bhansali clarified that although these proposed governance norms are not specifically targeted at NSE, they could become informal benchmarks or implicit prerequisites for regulatory approvals if not explicitly decoupled from the IPO review process. Sebi has invited stakeholders and the public to submit feedback on the proposals by 15 July 2025. Source: Mint

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