Elderly in India Face Higher Depression Risk When Adult Children Are Jobless: LASI Study

A recent study based on data from the Longitudinal Ageing Survey of India has revealed that older adults in India are significantly more vulnerable to depression when their adult children are unemployed, with the risk rising by nearly 12%.

Published in the journal Social Science and Medicine, the research highlights the deep interdependence between generations in Indian families. The findings suggest that the emotional and financial well-being of older adults is closely tied to the employment status of their children, especially in households where children play a key role in providing economic and social support.

The analysis draws from LASI’s first wave (2017–18), conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, which surveyed over 73,000 individuals aged 45 and above. Despite India’s relatively young demographic profile, the country has one of the largest populations of elderly people globally, many of whom lack comprehensive healthcare coverage. The study notes that only about 18% of individuals aged 60 and above are covered by health insurance.

Researchers, including those from Umea University, found that older adults whose children are unemployed experience a measurable increase in depression risk—both in absolute and relative terms. The effect is particularly pronounced in families where older members rely heavily on their children for financial stability and care.

The study also underscores cultural dynamics, noting that unemployment among first-born sons has a stronger impact on parental mental health compared to daughters. This reflects traditional expectations in India, where sons are often viewed as primary caregivers and financial supporters in later life.

However, the research points to an important mitigating factor—social engagement. Older adults who remain socially active and connected are significantly less likely to experience depression, even in the face of their children’s unemployment. In contrast, those who are socially isolated face a much sharper rise in mental health risks under similar circumstances.

The findings highlight the need for stronger social support systems and community engagement opportunities for India’s ageing population, particularly as economic uncertainties affect younger generations.

Source: PTI