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Union Health Ministry Assesses Preparedness for Heat Wave Conditions with States/UTs

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Atul Goel, Director General of Health Services (DGHS), led a virtual meeting with representatives from various States and Union Territories to evaluate the preparedness for heat wave conditions and the implementation of fire and electrical safety measures in healthcare facilities across India. This meeting comes in response to the long-range forecast by the India Meteorological Department (IMD), issued on May 27, 2024, predicting above-normal temperatures for most of India in June 2024. The forecast particularly highlights an increased likelihood of heat wave days in Northwest and Central India, while parts of southern peninsular India may experience normal to below-normal temperatures. Key Highlights from the Meeting Heat Wave Preparedness: The Union Health Ministry emphasized the need for robust heat wave action plans in healthcare facilities. States/UTs were instructed to ensure the availability of essential medical supplies and to implement measures to prevent heat-related illnesses. Fire and Electrical Safety: Discussions included the current status of fire safety measures and electrical systems in hospitals. The need for regular safety drills and compliance with fire safety norms was reiterated.  

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Bournemouth Hospital Opens New £24 Million Pathology Hub

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A new pathology hub has been inaugurated at Bournemouth Hospital, offering vital services to the local community with its state-of-the-art medical diagnostics technology. The £24 million facility is set to significantly support patient care across the region. The hub will benefit Bournemouth University (BU) students by providing placement opportunities, facilitated through an official partnership between BU and University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust (UHD). The facility’s official opening saw the attendance of BU staff and students, with BU’s Chancellor Dr. Kate Adie CBE, DL unveiling the official plaque. UHD supports BU’s health and biomedical science courses, with UHD staff frequently visiting to deliver education to students and collaborate on research. Dr. Anna Mantzouratou, Programme Leader of BU’s Biomedical Sciences degree and Principal Academic in Human Genetics, expressed enthusiasm for the new hub: “The new Pathology Hub is an amazing space. The equipment is brand new, featuring high-tech, high-throughput machines to assist the local area.” She highlighted the importance of the partnership between UHD and BU: “The hospital needs trained scientists, and the university trains scientists. Our students can take part in placements at the hospital and gain vital experience to advance their careers. Many of our graduates have been offered jobs at the hospital, making it a mutually beneficial experience for both students and staff.” BU Biomedical Sciences student Berfin Demirtas, who represented BU students at the official opening, shared her insights: “The new facilities and processes are impressive. We observed various pathology processes, including tissue sampling, haematology, and immunology. It’s a great experience for students to gain work experience or potentially work here after their degrees.” Backed by the Dorset Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP), the hub, which opened in November 2023, is expected to perform over 9 million tests annually.

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Pilgrim Monitoring System for Himalayan Holy Sites Linked to Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission

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Pilgrims visiting the Himalayan holy sites, including Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath, and Badrinath (collectively known as the Chardham), will soon benefit from a new technology ecosystem aimed at protecting them from ailments associated with high altitudes and extreme cold. The Centre and the Uttarakhand government are collaborating to integrate this system with the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM). The “pilgrim monitoring system” will create an Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) ID for each pilgrim. This digital ID will make health records easily accessible to doctors in case of emergencies, allowing for quicker and more effective treatment. This initiative comes in response to the rising number of pilgrims and the associated health risks, including low blood pressure, heart attacks, altitude sickness, and cold-related illnesses. To further enhance safety, the Uttarakhand government will provide pilgrims with wearable IoT devices and GPS trackers. These tools will help identify any morbidities early, allowing for proactive health measures. The system will be supported by LEHS WISH, an NGO focused on improving primary healthcare through innovation. They are developing a centralized, ABDM-enabled platform to ensure accurate and timely digital health records for pilgrims. The Uttarakhand government has also initiated a registration process for the Chardham Yatra, which includes creating an ABHA ID for all pilgrims. This digital health ID will facilitate the authentication, access, and management of health records, as well as hospital and doctor appointments, reducing the need for lengthy registration queues at healthcare facilities. The “E-Swasthya Dham” program, which is already operational with ABHA creation and verification functionalities, is being integrated with health records to further streamline the process. As of last week, over 967,000 pilgrims had embarked on the Char Dham pilgrimage.

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India to Showcase Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission at World Health Assembly

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India will highlight its universal health coverage through Ayushman Bharat, public health emergency preparedness, and digital health transformations at the World Health Assembly (WHA) in Geneva from May 27 to June 1. Official sources confirmed on Wednesday that India will also present the Arogya Maitri Disaster Management Cube, an indigenous portable hospital equipped with innovative tools designed to enhance disaster response and medical support. The 77th session of the WHA, organized by the World Health Organization (WHO), will feature representatives from 194 countries aiming to structure the global health ecosystem. This year’s theme is “All for Health, Health for All.” The Indian delegation, led by Union Health Secretary Apurva Chandra, will participate in various sessions and discussions. The WHA includes sessions in three main committees: Plenary, Committee A, and Committee B. The plenary session, attended by health ministers and heads of delegations from 194 nations, will open the Health Assembly. India will chair Committee A, which will facilitate discussions on universal health coverage, public health emergency preparedness and response, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, and sustainable financing for WHO. Committee B will focus on internal and external audit, budget, and financing matters concerning the WHO secretariat. In addition to the main sessions, at least 14 side events and multiple strategic roundtables will take place on the sidelines of the WHA, focusing on diverse health topics. These events will provide a platform for participants to share their thoughts on the future of the global health architecture. India’s presence at the WHA also includes leading and supporting the Regional One Voice initiative for the Southeast Asia region. This initiative advocates for well-being and health promotion, addressing social determinants of health, improving maternal, infant, and young child nutrition, and promoting the economics of health for all. India’s contributions to the WHA, including the showcase of the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission and the Arogya Maitri Disaster Management Cube, emphasize the country’s commitment to enhancing global health and disaster response capabilities. The participation aims to foster international collaboration and share India’s innovative health solutions with the global community.

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Britain’s Health Service Accused of Cover-Up in Infected Blood Scandal

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Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) has been accused of a cover-up in a decades-old infected blood scandal, according to a damning public inquiry report submitted to the government on Monday. The scandal, dating back to the 1970s, involved over 30,000 people being infected with life-threatening viruses such as HIV and Hepatitis C while under NHS care. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak is expected to issue an apology on behalf of the government after inquiry chair Sir Brian Langstaff delivered his scathing verdict. The report highlights the importation of infected batches of Factor VIII, a crucial blood-clotting protein, from the US, which led to widespread infection. Donated blood was not tested for HIV/AIDS until 1986 and Hepatitis C until 1991 in the UK. “The scale of what happened is horrifying,” Langstaff stated in his report, which followed a five-year investigation. “More than 3,000 deaths are attributable to infected blood, blood products, and tissue.” He added that the response from the NHS and the government amounted to a cover-up, not through an orchestrated conspiracy but through pervasive and subtle efforts to hide the truth to save face and expense. The extensive 2,527-page, seven-volume document details the scandal’s enormous scale and includes recommendations such as a speedy compensation scheme for those affected and who lost loved ones. It also urges the NHS to ensure that anyone who received a blood transfusion before 1996 is urgently tested for Hepatitis C and that new patients are asked if they had a transfusion before that time. The report criticizes the response under Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative Party government, which claimed that patients received the best treatment available at the time. Langstaff called this assertion inappropriate and unacceptable, noting that it became a mantra that was never questioned. An apology, the report adds, should be sincere and lead to action, including compensation. The Sunak-led government has promised to address the issue of final compensation once the inquiry’s report is published, with the total cost likely to run into billions of pounds.

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Study Reveals Adverse Effects of Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin Vaccine

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A study conducted by researchers at BHU examining the long-term effects of Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin vaccine revealed concerning findings. Out of 926 participants examined, nearly one-third reported adverse events of special interest (AESI), with viral upper respiratory tract infections being the most common complaint. Serious AESI such as stroke and Guillain-Barre syndrome were reported in one percent of individuals. The study, conducted from January 2022 to August 2023, involved 635 adolescents and 291 adults who received the Covaxin vaccine. Common AESI observed in adolescents included skin and subcutaneous disorders, general disorders, and nervous system disorders. In adults, general disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and nervous system disorders were prevalent. The study highlighted that certain demographics faced higher risks of persistent AESIs. Females, adolescents with pre-vaccination Covid-19, people with underlying health conditions, and those who developed typhoid after vaccination had significantly higher odds of experiencing persistent AESIs. Moreover, adults with pre-existing health conditions had more than double the odds of experiencing AESIs and persistent AESIs, according to the study. Additionally, adults who received three doses of the vaccine and those who received only one dose had higher risks of AESIs compared to those who received two doses of Covaxin. These findings underscore the importance of continued monitoring and assessment of vaccine safety, particularly regarding long-term effects. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors associated with adverse events following Covaxin vaccination.

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Saudi Arabia Reports Three New MERS Cases, Highlighting Risks and Differences from COVID-19

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The Saudi health ministry has notified the World Health Organization (WHO) of three new Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cases in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Sadly, one of these cases resulted in death. All three individuals were male, aged between 56 and 60, with pre-existing health conditions. None of them were healthcare workers. This brings the total number of MERS cases reported in Saudi Arabia in 2024 to four, with two fatalities. Dr. Syed Abdul Aleem, a Pulmonology Consultant at CARE Hospitals in Musheerabad, Hyderabad, explains that MERS-CoV is a viral respiratory illness caused by the MERS strain of coronavirus. Unlike COVID-19, MERS tends to be more severe with a higher mortality rate but is less contagious. It is primarily transmitted from camels to humans, with limited human-to-human transmission. Risk factors for MERS-CoV include close contact with camels or living in endemic regions, along with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes or chronic lung disease. Symptoms are similar to COVID-19, including fever, cough, and shortness of breath, but MERS can progress to severe respiratory illness, leading to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Some individuals may also experience gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea. Management involves supportive care, with severe cases requiring hospitalization and supportive measures like supplemental oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation. There is no specific antiviral treatment for MERS, but prevention measures include avoiding close contact with camels, practicing good hand hygiene, and avoiding contact with sick individuals. This highlights the importance of understanding the differences between MERS and COVID-19 and taking appropriate precautions to prevent transmission and manage cases effectively.  

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ICMR Releases Dietary Guidelines, Links 56% of Diseases in India to Diet

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The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has released 17 dietary guidelines aimed at meeting essential nutrient requirements and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity and diabetes. According to the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), estimates suggest that 56.4% of the total disease burden in India is attributable to unhealthy diets. The guidelines emphasize the importance of healthy diets and physical activity in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HTN), and type 2 diabetes. They recommend measures such as restricting salt intake, moderating the use of oils and fats, engaging in regular exercise, and minimizing consumption of sugar and ultra-processed foods. Dr. Hemalatha R, Director of ICMR-NIN, led a multi-disciplinary committee of experts in drafting the guidelines, which underwent scientific review. The aim is to promote informed and healthy food choices, encourage adoption of a healthy lifestyle, and address issues related to malnutrition. Dr. Rajiv Bahl, Director General of ICMR, highlighted the relevance of the guidelines in addressing the changing food landscape in India. He emphasized the importance of promoting holistic nutrition and health while tackling the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The guidelines advocate for a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods, limiting cereals to 45% of total calories, and incorporating pulses, beans, meat, nuts, vegetables, fruits, and milk for essential nutrients. The NIN underscores the need to address the limited availability and high cost of certain food items, which can lead to inadequate intake of essential macronutrients and micronutrients, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders from a young age.  

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Swine Flu Outbreak in Assam: Symptoms and Precautions

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Following reports of swine flu infections in Assam’s Barak Valley, health authorities are on high alert, deploying frontline workers to assess the extent of the outbreak. The outbreak has led to several cases of infections, with one reported fatality in Hailakandi district. Dr. Subrata Das, Head of Internal Medicine and Diabetology at Sakra World Hospital in Bengaluru, highlighted the symptoms associated with swine flu, which closely resemble those of the common flu. These symptoms include fever, sore throat, cough, runny or stuffy nose, headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In severe cases, patients may experience breathlessness and complications such as pneumonia and low oxygen levels. Dr. Das emphasized that precautions against swine flu mirror those recommended for COVID-19. These precautions include wearing masks, practicing frequent hand washing, disinfecting surfaces, and maintaining overall hygiene. Additionally, individuals are advised to cover their nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing, avoid touching their face, and stay away from sick individuals. If feeling unwell, it’s crucial to stay home to prevent further spread of the virus. Highlighting the importance of vaccination, Dr. Das recommended that adults receive the annual flu vaccine, which provides protection against severe complications of flu, including swine flu. Swine flu, caused by the H1N1 strain of the influenza virus, is highly contagious and spreads rapidly among humans. To mitigate the risk of infection, individuals are advised to stay informed about credible medical information, practice proper respiratory hygiene, maintain hand hygiene, avoid close contact with sick individuals, and seek isolation if experiencing symptoms. Key Precautions to Avoid Swine Flu (H1N1): Stay informed about credible medical information regarding infectious diseases. Cover nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing, and dispose of tissues safely. Practice frequent handwashing with soap and water or use hand sanitizers. Avoid close contact with sick individuals. Isolate oneself to prevent the spread of the virus to others. Ensure to receive an annual influenza vaccine to reduce the risk and severity of swine flu infections. Taking these precautions can significantly reduce the risk of swine flu infection and contribute to public health safety during outbreaks.  

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Centre Considers Lowering GST to 12% for Health Insurance Premiums, Aiming to Expand Coverage

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The Centre is contemplating a reduction in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) rate on health insurance premiums from the current 18% to 12%, particularly for premiums up to Rs 30,000. This move aims to make health insurance more affordable and accessible, potentially widening coverage across the population. Currently, with the prevailing market rates, a health insurance premium of up to Rs 30,000 could secure coverage of approximately Rs 10 lakh per annum for a family of four members. The proposed reduction in the GST tax rate could result in decreased premium rates or the introduction of additional health coverage options tailored to the needs of individuals and families. An official stated that this proposal, among others, is pending and may be discussed in the GST Council following the general elections. The initiative aligns with the recommendations of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance, chaired by BJP MP Jayant Sinha, which emphasized the need to rationalize the GST rate on insurance products, especially health and term insurance. The committee suggested lowering GST rates on health insurance products, particularly for retail policies targeting senior citizens and microinsurance policies, along with term policies. Since the implementation of GST, individuals purchasing health insurance policies have been subject to an 18% GST rate, marking a 3% increase compared to the previous Service Tax rate of 15%, including applicable cess. Furthermore, the report underscores the importance of extending health coverage to vulnerable populations, as highlighted by the Niti Aayog’s recommendation to extend the Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) scheme to the ‘missing middle’ on a paid basis. PMJAY currently provides free health coverage of up to Rs 5 lakh per year to 107 million economically disadvantaged households, constituting 40% of the population. The potential reduction in GST on health insurance premiums reflects a broader effort to enhance healthcare accessibility and affordability, aiming to mitigate financial risks associated with medical expenses and promote comprehensive health coverage across India’s diverse population.

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