screening and testing

Amid rising concerns about the spread of mpox, Union Health Secretary Apurva Chandra has issued new guidelines to all states, emphasizing the need for rigorous screening and testing of suspected cases. The health ministry’s directive comes after a suspected case was reported in Delhi, marking India’s first alert since the disease was classified as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO). The guidelines focus on four key steps for states to follow: Surveillance Training: States are instructed to train state and district-level surveillance teams on identifying suspected, probable, and confirmed mpox cases. Contact tracing and enhanced surveillance activities are crucial for early detection and containment. Healthcare Worker Training: Healthcare workers in clinics treating skin and sexually transmitted infections, along with those involved in the government’s HIV control program, must be trained on the signs, symptoms, and clinical management of mpox, while strictly adhering to isolation protocols. Screening and Testing: States are urged to carry out screening and testing of suspected cases, particularly among vulnerable groups such as men who have sex with men and sex workers. Testing facilities should be integrated into hospitals and identified HIV control program sites. Clear Communication: Effective communication about the risks of mpox is critical. The guidelines stress informing healthcare workers, hospital areas, and communities about the modes of transmission, symptoms, and the importance of timely reporting without inciting panic. The ministry has also asked states to identify isolation facilities for treating suspected and confirmed mpox cases. With a significant proportion of global cases being reported among people with HIV, state AIDS control societies have been asked to remain vigilant and monitor any emerging cases. The health ministry’s letter highlights the atypical spread of the deadlier Clade Ib of mpox through sexual contact, a shift from traditional transmission methods. The virus is predominantly affecting young men aged 18-44 years and is primarily spread through sexual and non-sexual close contact. Common symptoms include rashes, particularly on the body or genital region, and fever. Although India has reported 30 cases of the older mpox strain since 2022, the risk of sustained transmission within the country remains low, according to experts. The government continues to stress that while the situation requires vigilance, public panic should be avoided, and the focus should remain on prevention, awareness, and timely medical intervention. Source: Indian Express