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Study Links Chronic Fatigue Syndrome to Abnormal Breathing Patterns

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A new study has revealed that individuals suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) may often experience abnormal breathing patterns, offering fresh insight into potential treatment strategies for managing the condition. Researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in the United States monitored 57 patients diagnosed with CFS during physical activity to better understand the link between fatigue and respiratory function. The findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Medicine, showed that many patients exhibited dysfunctional breathing—ranging from deep sighs during normal breathing to overly rapid or shallow breaths that prevent the lungs from fully expanding. Chronic fatigue syndrome, also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS), is characterized by extreme tiredness that does not improve with rest, along with cognitive issues such as brain fog and concentration difficulties. The researchers observed that a lack of coordination between the chest and abdominal muscles can further disrupt normal breathing mechanics. Lead author Dr. Donna Mancini explained, “Patients can have dysfunctional breathing without realizing it, and it can occur even when they are at rest. While the symptoms of hyperventilation are well understood, we still need to explore how dysfunctional breathing specifically affects ME/CFS patients.” The study compared the heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation of the 57 ME/CFS patients with those of 25 healthy participants during cardiopulmonary exercises over two days. Despite taking in similar amounts of oxygen, around 71% of the patients displayed breathing irregularities, including hyperventilation, dysfunctional breathing, or both. The researchers noted that such breathing issues can mimic or worsen symptoms commonly seen in chronic fatigue, including dizziness, breathlessness, chest pain, anxiety, and difficulty focusing. In fact, nine participants were found to experience both hyperventilation and dysfunctional breathing simultaneously. The study also suggests that these respiratory abnormalities might aggravate post-exertional malaise—a hallmark symptom of ME/CFS in which patients’ fatigue and discomfort intensify after physical or mental exertion. Identifying and addressing dysfunctional breathing, the authors said, could open new avenues for therapy and symptom management in chronic fatigue patients. Source: PTI

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Delhi Govt to Digitally Map and Assess Infrastructure, Safety of 1,000+ Schools

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In a major push towards data-driven infrastructure planning, the Delhi government is set to launch a comprehensive project to digitally profile over 1,000 government schools across the city. The initiative will evaluate infrastructure quality, safety standards, and structural stability using advanced technologies such as drone mapping, 360-degree imaging, and AI-based analytics. According to an official document, the project will cover 1,086 schools spread across 799 buildings, each of which will receive a detailed digital profile capturing information on facilities, assets, and their current condition. The initiative aims to centralize all infrastructure-related information, making it easier for the government to identify gaps, prioritize repairs, and plan future upgrades effectively. The selected implementing agency will deploy high-resolution drone surveys and on-site 360° documentation, with real-time data uploading through a web-based application. This application will feature GPS tagging, automated analytical reporting, data validation, and role-based access controls. The system will benchmark infrastructure against standards set by bodies like the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). Officials said the platform will not only streamline maintenance and planning but also enhance safety preparedness. The survey will assess various school assets—classrooms, furniture, electrical fittings, toilets, laboratories, and sports facilities—categorizing them as “good,” “minor repair,” “major repair,” or “replacement needed.” Additionally, the agency will evaluate the structural stability of all school buildings through both visual inspections and non-destructive testing methods, such as rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests, under expert supervision. Reports of schools identified as structurally weak or in need of major repairs will be reviewed by technical experts from premier institutions like IITs and NITs, ensuring credible and science-backed recommendations for repair, retrofitting, or demolition if required. Once completed, the initiative will create a first-of-its-kind comprehensive digital inventory of Delhi’s school infrastructure—enabling better policy formulation, timely interventions, and the creation of safer, more resilient learning environments for students. Source: PTI

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Jio Studios Crosses ₹1,000 Crore Box Office Milestone in FY25

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Jio Studios, the content and media arm of Reliance Industries, achieved a major milestone in FY25 by surpassing the ₹1,000 crore mark in Net Box Office Collection (NBOC) across India, according to Reliance Industries’ latest annual report. This marks a sharp rise from the previous fiscal year, when Jio Studios’ film slate earned around ₹700 crore at the box office. Calling FY25 a “landmark year,” the studio cemented its leadership in Indian entertainment with a powerful line-up of over 40 films and web originals across multiple languages and digital platforms. Dominating the Hindi box office, three Jio Studios blockbusters — Stree 2, Singham Again, and Sky Force — ranked among the year’s top five hits and together contributed over 40% of the industry’s total domestic NBOC. Notably, Stree 2 emerged as the highest-grossing Hindi film of all time. Beyond theatres, Jio Studios also saw massive success on OTT platforms like Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, ZEE5, and JioHotstar. Laapataa Ladies featured among the top three most-watched Hindi films globally on Netflix, while Mrs set a new record on ZEE5 with more than 500 million viewing minutes in its first three weeks, also becoming Google’s most-searched film of the year. The Stree 2 soundtrack, led by the viral hit “Aaj Ki Raat,” crossed 2 billion streams and views on YouTube and Spotify, underscoring its pop culture dominance. In terms of critical acclaim, Jio Studios secured 65+ major awards, including 15 IIFA wins and recognition from the Dadasaheb Phalke Film Foundation. Four of its titles were also listed among IMDb’s Most Popular Indian Movies of 2024. Expanding its footprint in regional cinema, the studio has made notable inroads into Marathi films, with upcoming high-profile projects like Raja Shivaji and a biopic on Olympic wrestler Khashaba Jadhav. With an impressive track record and a strong pipeline ahead, Jio Studios continues to solidify its position as a trailblazer and global force in Indian entertainment. Source: PTI

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Rajnath Singh Inaugurates DPSU Bhawan, Launches R&D and Green Manufacturing Initiatives to Boost Defence Self-Reliance

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In a significant move to strengthen India’s defence manufacturing ecosystem, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated the state-of-the-art DPSU Bhawan at Naoroji Nagar, New Delhi, on November 10, 2025. The new facility aims to serve as a central hub for collaboration and innovation among the country’s 16 Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs), promoting synergy under the national vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat. The event also featured the launch of a comprehensive R&D roadmap for DPSUs and the unveiling of HAL’s R&D Manual, designed to enhance indigenous design, intellectual property creation, and collaboration with Indian academia. Singh said the roadmap represents India’s shift “from manufacturing under licence to manufacturing through innovation,” reinforcing the goal of technological self-sufficiency. Highlighting the sector’s growth, Singh revealed that India’s defence production in FY25 touched a record ₹1.51 lakh crore, with DPSUs contributing over 71%. Defence exports also surged to ₹6,695 crore, showcasing global confidence in Indian-made platforms. He urged DPSUs to continue their momentum by focusing on rapid indigenisation, quality enhancement, and timely deliveries. Four DPSUs — Munitions India Limited (MIL), Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited (AVNL), India Optel Limited (IOL), and Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) — were awarded Miniratna (Category-I) status, granting them greater operational autonomy and financial independence. To promote industry collaboration, three key MoUs were exchanged between HAL, BDL, Yantra India Limited (YIL), and MIDHANI. These agreements include the setup of a 10,000-ton forging press to reduce dependence on imported aluminium alloys and the establishment of a Metal Bank to secure critical raw materials for defence projects. HAL also announced an interest-free advance of ₹435 crore to YIL, while BDL committed to a sustained workload of 3,000 metric tonnes over the next decade. Rajnath Singh also launched SWAYAM (Sustainable and Green Defence Manufacturing) — a compendium highlighting eco-friendly practices adopted across DPSUs. Backed by the Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Action Plan (CEEAP) 2023, it promotes renewable energy, energy efficiency, and carbon reduction. He commended India Optel Limited (IOL) and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) for achieving 100% renewable energy usage, contributing significantly to India’s Net Zero goals. The newly inaugurated DPSU Bhawan brings all DPSUs under one roof, symbolizing unity and collective progress under the Sanskrit motto “Sangachhadhwam Samvadadhwam” — “Move together, dialogue together.” Equipped with modern simulation facilities, conference rooms, and exhibition spaces, it is set to become a showcase of India’s growing defence manufacturing capabilities. Concluding the event, Singh called on DPSUs to strengthen R&D, sustainability, and innovation to position India as a global hub for defence manufacturing. “Our goal is not just self-reliance but leadership on the world stage,” he said. Source: Economic Times

Rajnath Singh Inaugurates DPSU Bhawan, Launches R&D and Green Manufacturing Initiatives to Boost Defence Self-Reliance Read More »

IndiGo to Introduce Evidence-Based Pilot Training for Enhanced Safety and Performance

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IndiGo, India’s largest airline, is preparing to roll out evidence-based training (EBT) programmes for its pilots, marking a significant step towards strengthening flight safety, situational awareness, and decision-making skills, a senior company official confirmed. Currently, the airline follows the Competency-Based Training and Assessment (CBTA) framework. The new initiative aims to build upon this foundation, using data-driven insights and global best practices to transition towards a mature EBT system. “When an airline becomes CBTA-compliant, the next natural step is achieving EBT compliance,” the official explained. “We are now establishing the CBTA baseline, and with the help of data analytics, AI tools, and expert consultants, we aim to evolve into an evidence-based training environment.” Under the EBT framework, pilot training will emphasize critical skills such as situational awareness, decision-making, and crew resource management. The programme will leverage IndiGo’s vast operational data to design and refine training modules grounded in real-world performance evidence. “We will collect and validate data from various operations and use it to shape the training approach,” the official said, highlighting that artificial intelligence and data analytics will play a central role in customising learning and assessment. IndiGo currently operates over 2,300 daily flights with a fleet of more than 400 aircraft, while another 900 planes are on order. The airline employs over 5,300 pilots, a number expected to double by 2030 to support its rapid expansion, including the induction of wide-body aircraft. While the implementation timeline for full EBT compliance is projected to take around a year to a year and a half, IndiGo views this as a crucial step toward future-ready, data-driven pilot training and enhanced operational safety. Source: PTI

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J&K Government Plans Single-Window Digital Platform to Streamline Recruitment Processes

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The Jammu and Kashmir government is gearing up for a major digital reform aimed at transforming recruitment procedures across all departments through a unified online system, officials confirmed on Saturday. Satish Sharma, Minister for Administrative Reforms, Inspections (ARI) and Trainings, chaired a high-level meeting to review the proposal. He stressed the need for simplifying administrative operations to ensure efficiency, transparency, and timely decision-making within government departments. According to an official spokesperson, the proposed Single Window Digital System will centralize the process of drafting and amending recruitment rules, paving the way for uniform policy enforcement and faster execution. Commending the ARI & Training Department for conceptualizing the initiative, Sharma directed that the system’s design and rollout be expedited in coordination with the General Administration Department (GAD), Finance, Law, and the Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission (JKPSC). He highlighted that inter-departmental collaboration and accountability must be maintained throughout implementation. “This digital platform will eliminate administrative bottlenecks, ensure transparency, and bring consistency in recruitment practices across all departments,” Sharma said. “By integrating real-time monitoring and public access features, it will strengthen accountability and reinforce citizen trust in governance.” The minister instructed that the new system be linked with the existing E-Office framework, alongside capacity-building programs for departmental nodal officers to facilitate smooth adoption. The initiative envisions several benefits — including a uniform recruitment policy, reduced paperwork, quicker file processing, improved coordination between departments, and enhanced transparency through online tracking. As per the proposed model, the platform will feature secure departmental logins, digital templates for proposals, online routing among ARI & Training, Finance, Law, GAD, and JKPSC, and a centralized archive for all approved recruitment rules and amendments. It will also provide real-time SMS and email notifications, performance dashboards, escalation mechanisms for delays, and strong data protection protocols. Departments will be required to submit recruitment proposals within 30 days, followed by a 10-day processing window for each stakeholder department, ensuring final approval from the GAD within a fixed timeframe. The move, officials said, represents a decisive step towards a paperless, transparent, and efficient governance model in Jammu and Kashmir’s public administration. Source: PTI  

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India Introduces AI Governance Guidelines to Ensure Safe and Responsible Adoption

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The Indian government has unveiled its first set of Artificial Intelligence (AI) governance guidelines, outlining a framework for the safe, transparent, and ethical use of AI technologies. The non-binding rules, released on Wednesday, are expected to shape India’s long-term vision for AI regulation ahead of the IndiaAI Impact Summit scheduled for February next year. Developed under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), the guidelines recommend potential amendments to the Information Technology (IT) Act to better classify AI systems and define liability across the AI value chain. The document highlights that the current definition of “intermediary” under the IT Act — covering telecom operators, search engines, and even cyber cafés — is outdated in the context of autonomous AI systems capable of generating data independently. Principal Scientific Adviser Ajay Sood noted that the new framework aims to provide clarity on responsibilities of AI developers and deployers, while also ensuring accountability. He added that the framework could serve as a model for AI governance in the Global South, especially for countries with limited regulatory resources. The guidelines also propose an India-specific AI risk assessment framework based on real-world harm evidence, along with a national database of AI incidents to track misuse, bias, and potential threats. This centralised repository will collect data from smaller regional databases managed by sectoral regulators, helping policymakers better understand the societal and security implications of AI technologies. The framework further recommends establishing new institutions to oversee AI policy, including an AI Governance Group—a permanent inter-ministerial body responsible for coordination and policy development—and leveraging the newly formed AI Safety Institute as the lead authority for ensuring safe and trusted AI use in India. Other key proposals include adopting regulatory sandboxes to allow innovation in controlled environments with limited legal exposure, and mandating accessible grievance redressal mechanisms through the existing Grievance Appellate Committee process. The guidelines also stress the need to update copyright laws to support large-scale AI model training and clarify digital platform classifications. MeitY Secretary S. Krishnan said the government is committed to acting when necessary to ensure AI is developed responsibly and ethically. The document, shaped after studying AI policies in the US, European Union, and China, and informed by over 2,500 submissions from stakeholders including academia, industry, and government bodies, marks a significant step in India’s effort to build a robust governance ecosystem for emerging technologies. Source: Economic Times

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England to Revamp School Curriculum: Students to Learn About Fake News and AI

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In the most significant education overhaul in over a decade, schoolchildren in England will soon be taught how to identify fake news and gain a deeper understanding of artificial intelligence. The move comes as part of the UK government’s wider plan to modernise education and equip students with essential skills for the future. Following the recommendations of the Curriculum and Assessment Review released on Wednesday, the Department for Education (DfE) announced sweeping reforms designed to prepare young learners for the evolving digital and economic landscape. Among the proposed changes is a 10% reduction in the number of exams faced by teenagers, addressing concerns that the current assessment load is “excessive.” “From the basics of reading to the modern-day challenge of spotting misinformation, these landmark reforms form part of our Plan for Change,” said Education Secretary Bridget Phillipson. “It’s been more than ten years since the national curriculum was updated, and it’s vital that students are prepared to meet today’s challenges and seize tomorrow’s opportunities.” Under the revised framework, primary school students will be introduced to lessons on detecting misinformation and disinformation, aimed at strengthening their critical thinking and online safety. They will also study financial literacy topics such as mortgages, debt, and money management, alongside enhanced reading and communication skills. The reforms also propose a compulsory citizenship module, which will include climate education, a new foreign language qualification, and greater emphasis on outdoor learning and sports. Jane Gratton, Deputy Director of Public Policy at the British Chambers of Commerce, welcomed the move, saying: “Businesses will support curriculum changes that build employability — from teamwork and communication to digital and financial skills. Ensuring that every student has access to meaningful qualification pathways will help them stay engaged and ready for the world of work.” The new curriculum is set to roll out in September 2028, with the final version expected by early 2027, giving schools four terms to prepare for the transition. Source: PTI

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Zee cements dominance in Hindi movie broadcasting with 28.7% market share in Q2FY26

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Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd. (ZEEL) has achieved a three-year high in the Hindi movie broadcasting space, capturing a 28.7% market share in Q2FY26. The surge was powered by Zee Cinema, which reclaimed its position as the No. 1 Hindi movie channel in the 15+ HSM Urban category. The success was driven by blockbuster premieres such as Jaat, Game Changer, and Pushpa: The Rule Part 2—the latter emerging as the highest-rated movie premiere of FY26 to date. Zee’s Free-to-Air channels, Anmol Cinema and Zee Action, also led the charts in Q2FY26, each reaching over 116 million viewers across all genres in the 15+ HSM Urban market. Beyond Hindi, Zee sustained its leadership in regional movie clusters. In Maharashtra, Zee Talkies, Zee Yuva, and Zee Chitramandir together commanded nearly 50% market share, supported by the hit premiere of Phullwanti. In southern and eastern markets, Zee Thirai (Tamil), Zee Cinemalu (Telugu), and Zee Biskope (Bhojpuri) ranked among the top three regional movie channels. A company spokesperson attributed the strong performance to Zee’s robust content strategy, which blends fresh premieres, evergreen classics, and data-driven programming. With 22 movie channels across six languages, Zee’s movie network reached over 550 million viewers in September 2025 alone. The movie genre continues to attract major advertisers, given its massive scale and consistent ratings. Zee’s extensive movie library features timeless hits like Hum Aapke Hain Koun, Karan Arjun, and Bobby — with Hum Aapke Hain Koun alone garnering over 250 million viewers in the past five years. Source: Economic Times

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DGCA proposes full airfare refund for passengers cancelling flights due to medical emergencies

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The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has issued draft guidelines introducing new norms for airline ticket refunds and facilities for differently abled passengers. Under the proposed regulations, passengers who cancel their flight due to a medical emergency will be eligible for a full refund or a credit note, marking a significant consumer-friendly reform in air travel policies. The aviation regulator has also clarified that airlines will bear direct responsibility for processing refunds, even for tickets booked through travel agents or online portals, since these intermediaries act as the airline’s representatives. Refunds must be completed within 21 working days, as per the draft titled “Refund of Airline Tickets to Passengers of Public Transport Undertakings.” Public feedback on these proposals is open until November 30, 2025. In another passenger-friendly change, the DGCA has suggested extending the free ticket amendment window from 24 hours to 48 hours, provided the modification is made at least five days before a domestic flight or 15 days before an international flight. This replaces the earlier seven-day uniform rule for all routes. Separately, the DGCA has finalized updated norms to improve the air travel experience for differently abled passengers. Airlines may now charge able-bodied passengers who request wheelchair assistance, ensuring the limited supply remains available to those who genuinely need it. Airports will also face stricter obligations — they must provide ambulifts for passengers using wheelchairs and, where unavailable, towable ramps or stepladders as alternatives. Disability rights advocates, however, have criticized the latter provision as a step backward. Furthermore, airports are required to ensure clear signage, designated cab drop-off zones, and adequate staff to assist differently abled travellers. They are also encouraged to introduce digital navigation maps to enhance accessibility and independence for such passengers. Source: The Hindu

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